Citations for Essay

1.      1. Foundation for the Advancement of Sephardic studies and culture. “History of the Ottoman Empire, an Islamic Nation where Jews Lived.” 2004. http://www.sephardicstudies.org/ottoemp.html

2.       2.BBC. “Ottoman Empire (1301-1922).” Last updated 2009, 09, 04. http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/history/ottomanempire_1.shtml

3.      3. Panzac D. “Panzac D. (1992) Maritime trade of the Ottoman Empire in the 1700s.” Last modified November 10, 2009. http://premodeconhist.wordpress.com/2009/03/04/panzac-d-1992-maritime-trade-of-the-ottoman-empire-in-the-1700s/

4.       4.About.com “Age of Exploration.” Last modified May 5, 2010. http://geography.about.com/od/historyofgeography/a/ageexploration.html

5.     5.  Donald Edgar, Pitcher. An historical geography of the Ottoman Empire from earliest times to the end of the sixteenth century. Turkey: Leiden Brill, 1973